To amend the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, so as to provide that where land and any improvements thereon are expropriated for the purposes of land reform, the amount of compensation payable may be nil; to provide that national legislation must provide circumstances where the amount of compensation is nil; to provide for land to be the common heritage of all citizens that the state must safeguard for future generations; to require that conditions should be fostered to enable state custodianship of certain land in order for citizens to gain access to land on an equitable basis; and to provide for matters connected therewith.

The Constitutional Assembly (CA) was formally established on 24 May 1994. This report is produced on the first anniversary of this historic occasion. This Annual Report records the most important milestones and charts the way forward in terms of its vision.

The Joint Constitutional Review Committee was mandated to investigate possible amendments to Section 25 of the Constitution and held public hearings in all provinces.

The aim of this ongoing project is to derive an understanding of what constitutes a broadly acceptable living level that should be used to reflect a basic living level. Central to this ambitious target is an awareness of the necessity of moving away from the minimalist ‘poverty lines’ that have been used in the design and evaluation of anti-poverty programmes. The use of such very basic levels to characterise the state of poverty is dangerous in an upper middle- income country such as South Africa which is already characterized by one of the highest levels of income inequality globally. This project is thus inherently rights-based, rather than being a technocratic exercise. It is about trying to understand by asking ordinary people what such a decent living level should be for all in a post- Apartheid democracy.

Commissioned report for High Level Panel on the assessment of key legislation and the acceleration of fundamental change, an initiative of the Parliament of South Africa.

Critical reflection on the Socially Perceived Necessities (SPNs) in attaining a Decent Standard of Living (DSL): Launch of the 2021 Post COVID Report on what constitutes a decent standard of living in South Africa.